No, this is a very common misconception. There are many recorded incidents of knotweed “growing through concrete”. However, what actually happens is that the knotweed finds a weak spot (e.g., a crack in the concrete, or an expansion joint) and grows through it, gradually prizing it apart.
Knotweed will find the route of least resistance to get water and light. It gives the appearance of growing through concrete when it in fact has simply exploited the weaknesses in cracks and joints.